Knowledge Center

Artificial Business

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

The Israeli legislature has enacted a legal term of Artificial Business (“business” including “actions”) in the Israeli Tax Code (article 86). The aim of this article is to prevent illegitimate tax avoidance. The scope of discretion is wide, as this article comes to prevent tax avoidance that weren’t expressly prohibited by the tax code. The article expressly refers to several conditions in order to apply the power given to the assessing officer:

1/1/1900

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Companies: Israeli Residency and Taxation

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

1/1/1900

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Cyprus Corporate Law

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

The relevant law dealing with Cyprus’s corporate law is the Cyprus Companies Law, cap. 113. This code is actually an almost identical adoption of the English Companies Act of 1948. As a matter of fact, the English Act has been identically adopted at first, and only later has been modified to a certain extent. The main modifications are attempting to homogenize the Cyprus law and the European Union law. Therefore, the Cyprus corporate code has both European-Continental and English-Common Law characteristics.

1/1/1900

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The Cyprus Tax System

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

1/1/1900

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The Local Romanian Law

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

1/1/1900

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The conciliation is a procedural institution governed by art. 720 index 1 from the Civil Procedure Code – according to the Romanian law

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

According to this article: (1) " In commercial trials and claims which are valuable in money, before introducing the petition in front of the Court, the plaintiff shall try to solve the litigation by means of direct conciliation with the other party."

1/1/1900

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PENSIONS GRANTED BY ROMANIAN STATE TO PEOPLE WHO WERE PERSECUTED BECAUSE OF POLITICAL AND DICTATORSHIP REASONS

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

The pensions ( better said compensation) to which the present article refers, are given by the Romanian State to people who are, in our case, Israelis but also Romanian citizen – this latter fact being proved by the Romanian valid passport.

1/1/1900

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DIVORCE CASES UNDER THE ROMANIAN LAW

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

The dissolution of marriage through divorce is a legal means by which the marriage is ended according to the decision of the court of law, when due to certain serious reasons, the relationship of the spouses is seriously impaired and it is no longer possible to continue the marriage.

1/1/1900

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THE APPLICABLE LAW IN CASE OF CONFLICT BETWEEN ROMANIAN LAWS AND INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

According to the dispositions of the Constitution of Romania, regarding the relation between the international legislation and the internal (national) law, the Romanian state undertakes to fulfill exactly and in good faith, the obligations deriving from the international treaties it is party to.

1/1/1900

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TEN COMMANDMENTS TO RENT A REAL ESTATE IN ROMANIA

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

If the lease is intermediated by a real estate agency, the tenant shall negotiate with the agency a fixed fee, not a percentage of the rent price, because in the latter case the agency will be rather interested in receiving a higher fee than in presenting him a convenient offer

1/1/1900

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HOW AN INDIVIDUAL IS TAXED IN ROMANIA

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

Acording to the Romanian law,and respectively to the Romanian Fiscal Code, as it completed with other laws, an individual is subject to the following taxes

1/1/1900

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Reduced VAT rate of 5% - a solution to encourage the sale and purchasing of new homes in Romania

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

According to the Emergency Ordinance 200/2008 issued by the Romanian Government, the individuals (unmarried or family) may benefit of a reduced rate of VAT of 5% on the purchase of a single home in such conditions regarding the tax, only if they cumulatively meet the following conditions

1/1/1900

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DIVORCE PROCEDURE IN ROMANIA

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

According to the Romanian law, marriage can be terminated by divorce in the following cases

1/1/1900

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What is the legal procedure of transfer of shares in the Romanian Trade Registry?

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

Is it possible to make the share transfer only with the request of the perpetrated without the appearance or approval of the transferee for the transfer?

1/1/1900

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Company shares instead of payment in exchange for services- is it recommended when one is doing business in Romania

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

A foreign business men arrived to Romania and was offered a "once of a life time deal"- instead of money the company will pay him with shares of another company that the company holds in part.

1/1/1900

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Reduced VAT rate of 5% - a solution to encourage the sale and purchasing of new homes in Romania

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

According to the Emergency Ordinance 200/2008 issued by the Romanian Government, the individuals (unmarried or family) may benefit of a reduced rate of VAT of 5% on the purchase of a single home in such conditions regarding the tax, only if they cumulatively meet the following conditions:

1/1/1900

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TEN COMMANDMENTS TO RENT A REAL ESTATE IN ROMANIA

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

If the lease is intermediated by a real estate agency, the tenant shall negotiate with the agency a fixed fee, not a percentage of the rent price.

1/1/1900

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THE CHILD’S SUPPORT UNDER THE ROMANIAN LAW

By: Doron, Tikotzky, Amir, Mizrahi advicate & notary

Criteria for determining the value of the child’s support for the minor child resulted from marriage

1/1/1900

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PRENUPTIAL AGREEMENTS AND THEIR VALIDITY UNDER ROMANIAN LAW

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

At present, in Romania cannot be concluded prenuptial agreements, because ”there is no legal basis”. Therefore, under the current law, such an agreement is considered void.

1/1/1900

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The Convention for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion concluded between Romania and Israel

By: Eli Doron, Adv; Yaron Tikotzky, Adv, (C.P.A); Dr.Slomo Nass, Adv, (C.P.A)

Romania and Israel have concluded on June 15, 1997, the Convention for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income.

1/1/1900

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